what is the permanent mold casting?

The permanent mold casting process is the production of castings by pouring molten metal into permanent metal molds under gravity pressure.

How to make permanent mold?Metal molds usually are made of high-alloy steel or ductile iron, and the life time is from 50,000 to 100,000 or more . The permanent molds should be machined by CNC center and to use some steel cores and sand cores to form cavities. 2D and 3D drawings are available for machining.

What is the advantage of permanent mold casting?

A: Have finer dendrite arm spacing (DAS) and grain structure , so have better strength properties than die casting and sand castings, but less porous than die-castings.
B: Have better dimensional uniformity, machining allowances are smaller and holes are accurately located and dimensioned with metal cores.

C: Smooth surface finish is achieved right out of the mold, eliminating secondary polishing operations

The main parameters of permanent mold casting as below:

Weight :	the typical weight range from 50g to 20kgs
Wall thickness:	the properly wall thickness is 3—20mm, the minimum wall thickness can be 2 mm for lengths under 50 mm, and some small detailed place can be 1.5mm thickness.
Radius:	inside radius= nominal wall thickness, outside radius = 3 x nominal wall thickness
Draft angles:	1 to 3º on outside surfaces, 2 to 5º on inside surfaces.
Surface :	surface :finish ranges from 2.5 µm to 7.5 µm (100 µin to 250 µin).

What typical parts are suitable for permanent mold casting?

Typical parts include valve body (air braking system valve and hand brake valve for automotive industry), pump body, wheels, gear housings, pipe fittings and couplers, fuel injection housings, automotive engine pistons, skate truck etc..